Types of gearbox, Function,working | Advantage or disadvantage

Today we will talk about the types of gearbox or Gearbox Types used in automotive transmissions. Climbing and starting on hills, even if they are at low velocity, a car needs to achieve high torque. High torque is not required due to the speed at high speed on the highway. 

                           Therefore a system is needed that can adjust torque and vehicle speed, depending on road conditions or when a driver is required. The gearbox is called this device. Here we will discuss about the types of gearbox in automobile and classification of gearbox.

 

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Introduction and purpose of gearbox :

• Provides speed and torque conversion due to internal combustion engine limitations. Also allows to change the direction of output shaft for reversing. Automotive gearboxes are used to reduce the load on the engine by manipulating the engine and torque and speed.
• They have the option of selecting one of several different gear ratios. The engine has reached several revolutions per minute, it is advisable to increase the gear to reduce engine rpm, allow more control and more to reduce wear on the engine. Speed, better acceleration and better fuel economy.  Also read simple Interest and Compound interest difference
• Most gearboxes are used to increase torque and reduce output shaft speed. This produces a mechanical advantage. Automotive gearboxes provide the opposite, ie an increase in the output shaft speed with a decrease in torque (overdrive).

Gearbox Type | Types of Gearbox | Manual transmission and Automatic transmission Gearbox working

The gear box is mainly divided into two transmission groups. They are following below in details of gearbox Types.

1. Manual transmission gearbox:

In this method of transmission different speed ratios or gear ratios are selected manually. To operate this Types of gearbox, special driving skills are required. It is divided into three types based on their design.

(A) sliding mesh gear box:

Sliding Mesh Gearbox working

This is one of the oldest types when we think of gearbox styles. This means that the equipment on the main shaft is moved either to the right or to the right to match with the appropriate gear on the counter shaft for different speeds. This type of gearbox takes its name from the sliding mesh of the gear. A negative fact is that this gearbox is controlled with special skill and the gearbox wear and tear risks are high.

(B) Constant Mesh Gear Box:

The type used in this 20th century is famous. This is the transmission, all gears are always in constant mesh. The gear rotates freely on the major shaft, without turning on the main shaft. The two dog clutches have a permanent mesh gear box. Such clutch are mounted between the first and reverse gears on the knob and main shaft. 

 

Constant mesh gearbox and working

When the left-hand dog clutch is moved to the left using the gearshift heel, the clutch gear is mixed and the vehicle is driven at high speed. The engine works on the second gear if this clutch slips right and accelerates with the second gear. So we can move the dog clutch in the mesh box continuously to adjust the equipment ratio. Another type of gearbox is more common because it produces less noise and less wear. It is a sliding mesh.

(C.) Synchromesh gear box:

 
A major problem is that the main shaft and gear are meshed at different speeds if the driver engages the dog's clutch. When this device is used, the dog will wear a clutch and shed a tear. A synchromesh gearbox resolves this problem. This gear box is similar to the continuous mesh gear box, except for the dog clutch.



Synchromesh gear units operate on the principle that the first two gears mounted are positioned in a frictionless contact that suits their speed, and are mounted quickly and easily. The conch shell acts as a cone clutch in the friction matrix of the outer surface of the cone. This is type of transmission box most commonly used in automotive vehicles or automobile or cars.

2. Automatic transmission gear box: 

 

Automatic transmission is unique when we think of transmission. Automatic transmission is known as a transmission in which various speeds are reached automatically. In this type of driver, only the general position of the vehicle, such as front or rear, is selected. When the accelerator is pressed or depressed, the selection, timing, and operation of the equipment for the appropriate gear speed are performed automatically. The automatic transmission does not require a gear changer and buckling paddle as the buckle and gear are single units.

Generally, automatic transmission is divided into two types:

A.Epicyclic Gear Box: 

Epicyclic Gearbox working

Epicyclic gearbox working:

Slipping dogs or gears are not used in such gearboxes, but only tightening the brake band on the gear drum produces different gear speeds. It is made up of ring gear, ring gear and carrier planetary gear. Each unit can be mounted by rotation with a brake strap to achieve different speeds. 

The ring gear is attached by a brake band and includes teeth on the inner periphery. A stem or lever is used to hold the ring gear and maintain its rotation on the brake plate. Sun gear is changing with the rotation of the engine crankshaft on the clutch shaft. Both the sun gear and the ring gear have planetary gears attached to the driver's frame in a continuous mesh and receptive axis.

The spinning sun gear allows the planetary rotary gear to bend when the ring gear is turned off by the brake unit. Since it cannot shift ring gear. The gears of the world must climb on them. In that case, ring equipment is used to monitor the planet's gears. This planet rotates the guided shaft connected to the transmitter. When the ring gear is released, the planetary gears revolving around their axis are free. During this situation there is no planetary movement and thus the driven shaft remains stationary. There are many such units in planetary gear boxes to achieve different speed reduction.

(B) hydraulic torque converter:

Hydraulic torque gearbox working :

 
The electrical transformer is a single hydraulic torque converter. The main purpose of the torque converter is to include the driving partner and increase the speed of the driven component. Pulse is bolted to the driving component in the converter, a turbine is bolted to the driving component and stationary guide valves are placed between these two components. All parts are contained in a single hydraulic fluid housing.

With the driven part, the impeller rotates and the liquid is centrifugal. A torque on the stationary leading valve ejects this liquid that flows from the rod to the turbine driver, thereby converting torque and rpm. The difference of torque from the rotor to the turbine depends on the stationary guide valve. This role is machinery and clutch. Gearbox coupling it.

Advantages of automatic transmission over manual transmission:

1. Fuel efficiency will increase by up to 15%.
2. No loss of torque transmission from engine to driving wheels during gear shift.
3. Very smooth gear-shift operation
4. Along with the latest technology, the overall appeals to drivers due to faster shifts and faster responses.

Disadvantages of automatic transmission over manual transmission:

1. Its mechanical efficiency is much lower than the manual transmission type.
2. This requires a special transmission fluid / lubricant which is expensive and needs to be replaced regularly.
3. Its construction is expensive.
4. It is heavier than a traditional manual transmission gearbox.
5. The failure rate is high due to complexity in it.

People also ask for questions like below :

Where is the gearbox used?

Answer:Gearboxes are used in many applications, including machine tools, industrial equipment, conveyors, and in fact any rotary speed power transmission application requires changes in torque and speed requirements.

• 2. What are the gearbox and its types?

Answer:A gearbox is a transmission device used between the engine's output shaft and the final drive to transfer the torque and power required for the vehicle's wheels, the gearbox consists of a set of gears (ie spur, helical, bevel, worm And epicycle depending on the types of gearboxes used.

• 3.What are gearboxes?

Answer:The gearbox is a mechanical device that is used to increase the output torque of the motor or to change the speed (rpm). The shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the gearbox and, through the gearbox's internal configuration, provides a given output torque and speed determined by the gear ratio.

We covered the most common type of gearbox in the automotive industry today. If you have any questions about this article, please ask through comments. 

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